Radar Handbook by Merrill I. Skolnik

316912609radarhandbookpdfpdffrom kalelboss

Radar level measurement. The user guide by Peter Devine

Vega radar book

Fundamentals of radar signal processing by Mark A. Richards

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Radio Wave Propagation in the Marine Boundary Layer

Radio Wave Propagation in the Marine Boundary Layer by Alexander Kukushkin

Based on his many years of professional experience at leading companies in communications technology, the author describes an analytical solution for wave propagation over the sea surface in an atmospheric boundary layer. His approach allows the detailed analysis of combined effects of diffraction, refraction and scattering in random media. While specific applications covered are targeted at radio wave propagation over the sea surface, a similar approach is applicable to many problems in underwater acoustics, seismology, solid matter physics and astrophysics. - Amazon

Radar Revisited (review of "Radar Handbook, 3rd ed." by Merrill Skolnik) [Book Reviews]

This is the third edition of an established handbook, edited by one of the most-recognized names in the field of radar technology. The volume is a compilation of 26 chapters, authored by individuals with a thorough command of, and incredible credentials in, the topics of their chapters. Most chapters have a large number of figures (up to several dozen) and extensive bibliographies. Chapters range from fairly quantitative and mathematical ones to cursory and descriptive ones. Some sections of the handbook represent a concise and readable summary of the state-of-the-art of knowledge on their topics; others are a sketchy collection of remarks for which it is difficult to identify the benefits to be derived by the reader. There is little coordination between chapters where similar topics may be discussed, and a lack of any cross-referencing. There are also weaknesses in the index, as well. While the older, classical radar topics receive much attention, the book overlooks newer areas such as coverage of automotive radars. This volume will appeal to the generalists with interest in the conventional radar subjects, and to others as a starting point for locating sources with more detailed information. - Reference

Rapid Prototyping of Digital Systems: Quartus® II Edition

Hamblen, J. O., Hall, T. S., Furman, M. D., 2006: Rapid prototyping of digital systems: Quartus® II Edition. Springer, 2006. -

ISBN: 0-387-27728-5

Rapid Prototyping of Digital Systems: Quartus II Edition provides an exciting and challenging laboratory component for undergraduate digital logic and computer design courses using FPGAs and CAD tools for simulation and hardware implementation. The more advanced topics and exercises also make this text useful for upper level courses in digital logic, programmable logic, and embedded systems. This new version of the widely used Rapid Prototyping of Digital Systems, Second Edition, now uses Altera’s new Quartus II CAD tool and includes laboratory projects for Altera’s UP 2 and the new UP 3 FPGA board. Student laboratory projects provided on the book’s CD-ROM include video graphics and text, mouse and keyboard input, and three computer designs.

Rapid Prototyping of Digital Systems: Quartus II Edition includes four tutorials on the Altera Quartus II and NIOS II tool environment, an overview of programmable logic, and IP cores with several easy-to-use input and output functions. These features were developed to help students get started quickly. Early design examples use schematic capture and IP cores developed for the Altera UP FPGA boards. VHDL is used for more complex designs after a short introduction to VHDL-based synthesis. New to this edition is an overview of System-on-a-Programmable Chip (SOPC) technology and SOPC design examples for the UP3 using Altera’s new NIOS II Processor hardware and C software development tools. A full set of Altera’s FPGA CAD tools is included on the book’s CD-ROM.

FPGA Implementations of Neural Networks

Omondi, A. R. and Rajapakse, J. C., 2006: FPGA Implementations of Neural Networks. Springer, 2006. - 360 p.

ISBN: 0387284850

Description: The development of neural networks has now reached the stage where they are employed in a large variety of practical contexts. However, to date the majority of such implementations have been in software. While it is generally recognized that hardware implementations could, through performance advantages, greatly increase the use of neural networks, to date the relatively high cost of developing Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) has meant that only a small number of hardware neurocomputers has gone beyond the research-prototype stage. The situation has now changed dramatically: with the appearance of large, dense, highly parallel FPGA circuits it has now become possible to envisage putting large-scale neural networks in hardware, to get high performance at low costs. This in turn makes it practical to develop hardware neural-computing devices for a wide range of applications, ranging from embedded devices in high-volume/low-cost consumer electronics to large-scale stand-alone neurocomputers. Not surprisingly, therefore, research in the area has recently rapidly increased, and even sharper growth can be expected in the next decade or so.

Practical FPGA Programming in C

Pellerin, David and Scott Thibault, 2005: Practical FPGA Programming in C (Prentice Hall Modern Semiconductor Design Series), Prentice Hall PTR, 2005. - 464 p.

ISBN-10: 0131543180

High-performance FPGA-accelerated software applications are a growing demand in fields ranging from communications and image processing to biomedical and scientific computing. This book introduces powerful, C-based parallel-programming techniques for creating these applications, verifying them, and moving them into FPGA hardware. The authors bridge the chasm between "conventional" software development and the methods and philosophies of FPGA-based digital design. Software engineers will learn to look at FPGAs as "just another programmable computing resource," while achieving phenomenal performance because much of their code is running directly in hardware. Hardware engineers will master techniques that perfectly complement their existing HDL expertise, while allowing them to explore design alternatives and create prototypes far more rapidly. Both groups will learn how to leverage C to support efficient hardware/software co-design and improve compilation, debugging, and testing.

• Understand when C makes sense in FPGA development and where it fits into your existing processes
• Leverage C to implement software applications directly onto mixed hardware/software platforms
• Execute and test the same C algorithms in desktop PC environments and in-system using embedded processors
• Master new, C-based programming models and techniques optimized for highly parallel FPGA platforms
• Supercharge performance by optimizing through automated compilation
• Use multiple-process streaming programming models to deliver truly astonishing performance
• Preview the future of FPGA computing
• Study an extensive set of realistic C code examples

Design Recipes for FPGAs

Wilson, Peter, 2007: Design Recipes for FPGAs. Newnes, 2007. - 352 p.

ISBN: 0750668458

This book provides a rich toolbox of design techniques and templates to solve practical, every-day problems using FPGAs. Using a modular structure, the book gives easy-to-find design techniques and templates at all levels, together with functional code, which engineers can easily match and apply to their application.

The easy-to-find structure begins with a design application to demonstrate the key building blocks of FPGA design and how to connect them, enabling the experienced FPGA designer to quickly select the right design for their application, while providing the less experienced a road map to solving their specific design problem.

Written in an informal and easy-to-grasp style, this invaluable resource goes beyond the principles of FPGA s and hardware description languages to actually demonstrate how specific designs can be synthesized, simulated and downloaded onto an FPGA. In addition, the book provides advanced techniques to create real world designs that fit the device required and which are fast and reliable to implement. An accompanying CDROM contains code, test benches and simulation command files for ModelSim.

This book will be an indispensable, well-thumbed resource for FPGA designers of all levels of experience.

• A rich toolbox of practical FGPA design techniques at an engineer's finger tips
• Easy-to-find structure that allows the engineer to quickly locate the information to solve their FGPA design problem, and obtain the level of detail and understanding needed
• Includes a CDROM containing code, test benches and simulation files for ModelSim

Books

Frerking, Marvin E. Digital Signal Processing in Communication Systems
An excellent text on digital signal processing for communications applications

Vaidyanathan, P. P. Multirate Systems and Filter Banks
A valuable reference if you are doing a multi-rate filter design

Muller, Jean-Michel  Elementary Functions : Algorithms and Implementation
One of the best hardware algorithm books I've seen

Ashenden, Peter J.  The Designer's Guide to Vhdl, 2nd Edition
This is a must-have VHDL language reference.  Nothing compares.

Koren, Israel Computer Arithmetic Algorithms An excellent computer arithmetic text. 

Lyons, Richard G. Understanding Digital Signal Processing, 2nd Edition A great introduction to DSP without the typically heavy math approach

Some other texts I've found useful:

Smith, W.W., Smith J. M. Handbook of Real-Time Fast Fourier Transforms : Algorithms to Product Testing

Lee, E.A, Messerschmitt, D.G. Digital Communication

Skolnik, M. I. Radar Handbook

Geometric Morphometrics for Biologists

Miriam Leah Zelditch, Donald L. Swiderski, H. David Sheets and William L. Fink, 2004: Geometric Morphometrics for Biologists. A Primer. Elsevier Inc. - 416 p.

ISBN: 978-0-12-778460-1

Description. This book is an introductory textbook for a course on geometric morphometrics, written for graduate students and upper division undergraduates, covering both theory of shape analysis and methods of multivariate analysis. It is designed for students with minimal math background; taking them from the process of data collection through basic and more advanced statistical analyses. Many examples are given, beginning with simple although realistic case-studies, through examples of complex analyses requiring several different kinds of methods. The book also includes URL's for free software and step-by-step instructions for using the software.

ScienceDirect - Elsevier B.V.

Кудесники радиолокации

Радиолокация России. Биографическая энциклопедия. - М.: Столичная энциклопедия, 2007. - 716 с.

Вышла в свет биографическая энциклопедия "Радиолокация России", в которую включено около 2100 статей о руководителях отраслей промышленности, ученых, инженерах, конструкторах, военачальниках, испытателях, внесших весомый вклад в создание и развитие науки и радиолокационной техники. Эту серьезную книгу можно рассматривать и как учебное пособие, и как хороший справочник, и даже как научно-популярное издание. Ведь каждый, кто хоть немного интересуется локацией и военным делом, найдет здесь для себя немало полезной информации, откроет много нового.

В энциклопедии собран богатейший биографический материал о самых известных специалистах радиолокации, организаторах производства, военачальниках. Называются дата и место их рождения, образование, занимаемые должности, направления научной и производственной деятельности в области радиолокации, достижения и награды. Материал изложен кратко, емко, доступно для самой широкой аудитории и представлен с фотографиями специалистов радиолокации, военачальников, ученых.

Рядовой читатель, например, узнает, что в радиолокации работали очень интересные люди, фамилии которых в свое время были, что называется, закрытыми. Например, доктор технических наук, лауреат Ленинской премии, профессор А.И. Савин - руководитель работ в области создания реактивного управляемого вооружения, космических систем различных классов и целого ряда других направлений. В разделе "Предприятия, организации, учреждения, войска" размещен алфавитный справочник всех конструкторских бюро, НИИ и иных учреждений, которые работают в области радиолокации, с названием года их образования, направлений деятельности, именами начальников и директоров. Называются даже воинские части с их открытыми цифровыми наименованиями, характером деятельности, фамилиями командиров.

Емко рассказывается об истории создания и направлениях работы Концерна ПВО "Алмаз-Антей", входящем в его состав Научно-производственном объединении "Алмаз" имени академика А.А. Расплетина, созданном этими фирмами в разные периоды зенитном ракетном оружии и радиолокационных системах. В энциклопедии представлен биографический материал примерно на 40 сотрудников и руководителей ОАО "НПО "Алмаз". В том числе рассказывается об академике А.А. Расплетине, генеральном директоре НПО "Алмаз" И.Р. Ашурбейли, генеральных конструкторах А.А. Леманском, Б.В. Бункине, а также о К.С. Альперовиче, В.М. Гарбузе, Ю.Х. Вермишеве, Н.Н. Поляшеве, А.В. Рязанове, Е.М. Сухареве и многих других.

Немаловажно, что книга богато иллюстрирована. В ней представлены цветные фотографии основных радиолокационных станций - от самых первых до самых последних. Например, фото РЛС высокой заводской готовности, что в Ленинградской области. Снимки РЛС "Неман", "Аргунь", "Дарьял-У", находящихся на Балхашском полигоне, бортовой РЛС "Барс", радиолокатора сопровождения цели системы ПРО А-35, радиолокационной головки самонаведения из состава ракеты Х-31П, РЛСУ "Ирбис-3" истребителя Су-35 и многие другие. Всего более 100 фотоснимков. Любопытно, например, фото фрагмента головной части (ГЧ) баллистической ракеты Р-12, пораженной средствами системы ПРО "А" 4 марта 1961 года. Это как раз та ГЧ, после поражения которой Н. Хрущев скажет: это все равно, что пулей в пулю попасть в космосе.

В силу всего вышеизложенного данная энциклопедия сразу, как говорится, стала библиографической редкостью. Тираж ее всего около тысячи экземпляров. Отрадно и то, что это издание успело выйти как раз в канун 60-летия Научно-производственного объединения "Алмаз" имени академика А.А. Расплетина.

Виктор КРЫЛОВ

Advantages of increased radar bandwidth

The fundamental advantage offered by wide radar bandwidth is increased information about the presence, location, and identity of targets such as ships, aircraft, and the earth's surface features. Such increased information is produced by the additional, independent target reflectivity data that can be collected. For example, consider a narrowband pulsed radar designed for aircraft and ship surveillance, operating at a single transmitted wave polarization. Assume that aircraft or ships occupy only a small sector of the radar's antenna beamwidth and are unresolved in range so that each echo pulse is a measure of the reflectivity of the entire aircraft or ship at an instantaneous viewing angle. If the target's viewing angle were then changing due to either radar platform or target motion, the radar could be said to be able to collect target reflectivity data in one dimension: reflectivity versus viewing angle. The same radar operated over a wide frequency band, for example, by changing the transmitter frequency from pulse to pulse, collects target reflectivity data in two dimensions: reflectivity versus frequency and viewing angle. A wideband short-pulse radar collects reflectivity data versus range delay and viewing angle. To the extent that the additional dimension in either case provides additional independent samples of target reflectivity data, then there is increased information about the target's presence, location, and physical characteristics. With regard to echo sample independence, it is well known that microwave reflectivity of targets such as ships, aircraft, or the earth's surface features fluctuates rapidly with both viewing angle and frequency. Thus, data collected over a wide range of viewing angles or frequencies can be expected to contain a large number of independent samples of target reflectivity.

Target recognition of ships, aircraft, and objects in space is probably the best known type of information provided by high-resolution radar data. These types of targets, viewed over a wide range of frequencies and viewing angles, provide independent samples of their reflectivity related to their physical characteristics. Target amplitude and phase data collected versus frequency and viewing angle from such a target can be converted into reflectivity estimates in one or more dimensions of target space. Such data, called the radar target image, provides information about a target's identity and other characteristics
of interest.

A quantitative relationship between the available independent target echo data and target information probably cannot be defined in any general sense. However, a quantitative assessment of the benefits of radar bandwidth can be obtained by relating the available content of independent reflectivity data to radar bandwidth and data collection time without regard to the contribution of such data to target information. Consider the echo signal produced by a short, single-frequency transmitted pulse reflecting from an extended target illuminated by the radar's antenna beam at a fixed viewing angle. The echo signal can be thought of as a measure of the reflectivity of the target versus range delay. Temporal resolution of the echo signal, by way of proper receiver design, can approach that of the transmitted pulse duration. In terms of transmitted pulse bandwidth B, the temporal resolution is about 1/B. Unambiguous sampling of the carrier-free form of such an echo pulse received by a coherent radar requires, according to the Nyquist criteria, a sampling rate of at least 2B samples per second for a total of 2Bdt samples from an echo signal to be sampled over a range-delay extent dt. Sampling at the Nyquist rate will then produce 2Bdt independent samples of target reflectivity, assuming that reflectivity varies independently at the sample spacing. The total data content from the sampled echo signal, when quantized into m resolvable bits in amplitude, is 2mBdt bits. The three quantities determining the target signal's data content are transmitted signal bandwidth, sampled range-delay extent, and amplitude quantization. For a given level of amplitude quantization and a given range-delay extent to be sampled, the data content of a single echo pulse can be seen to be directly proportional to transmitted bandwidth.

Donald R. Wehner. High-Resolution Radar. Second Edition - Artech House, 1995